Lingustic Vocaburary - chapter I

01. embryonic: being in an early stage of development
02. fossilization: when repeating a word for many times, you got stucked with its pronunciation
03. encapsulate: to express or show the most important facts about something
04. syntax(語法): the grammatical arrangement of words in a sentence
05. semantic(語義學): Syntax describes the rules by which words can be combined into sentences, while semantics describes what they mean
06. lexis: all the words of a language
07. phonology(音系學): the study of sounds in a particular language or in languages generally
08. morphology(形態學): the scientific study of the structure and form of either animals and plants or words and phrases
09. utterance(說話方式): something that someone says; any sound that is made
10. pragmatics(語用學): generally the study of natural language understanding
11. modularity: relating to, or based on a module or modulus (in chapter I, it stands for brain)
12. fluctuating: always changing, moving, especially continuously and between one level or thing and another
13. decapitate: to cut off the head of a person
14. idiolect(個人習慣用語): The speech of an individual, considered as a linguistic pattern unique among speakers of his or her language or dialect.
15. to coin a word: to create a new word
16. loan words: borrowed words
17. innate: to be born with
18. cognate: describes languages and words that have the same origin, or that are related and in some way similar